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In the modern era, representation is the hallmark of democracy, and electoral rules structure how representation works and how effectively governments perform. Moreover, of the key structural variables in constitutional design, it is the choice of electoral system that is usually the most open to change. There are three distinctive approaches to electoral system research. One, associated largely with economics, involves the study of electoral system effects through the deductive method, using mathematical tools to derive theorems about the properties of voting methods and behaviors. A second, associated largely with political science, has a primarily empirical focus, and looks in depth at how electoral rules impact on political outcomes, through large cross-sectional or case studies. A third, and more recent tradition, inspired largely by work in experimental economics, involves experimentation, either in the form of controlled laboratory experiments or in the form of in situ field studies. This volume employs the third approach to report on experiments that look at alternatives to the present two round (majority runoff) system used for the election of French presidents. This system is of considerable importance not just because of its use in France but also because of its wide adoption in presidential elections in new democracies, such as Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Russia and Ukraine. The editors have assembled the top experimental economists and political scientists specializing in French politics to provide in-depth analysis of the double ballot electoral system, and, more broadly, of the effect of electoral rules on the number of candidates, voter strategies, and ideological choice. Ultimately, the editors and contributors argue that experimental methods have great potential to inform our understanding of institutional mechanisms in the context of voting behavior.

Election law -- France. --- Presidents -- France -- Election. --- Presidents -- France. --- Elections --- Presidents --- Political Science --- Government - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Government - Europe --- Political Science - General --- Election --- Political science. --- Economic theory. --- Social sciences. --- Political Science and International Relations. --- Political Science. --- Methodology of the Social Sciences. --- Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods. --- Social sciences --- Methodology. --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Economic man --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- State, The --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization

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Les français prennent goût à l’alternance. Depuis 1981, la majorité sortante a systématiquement été sanctionnée lors des élections législatives. Après la gauche, qui avait subi une déroute lors du scrutin de 1993, c’est au tour de la droite de connaître la défaite en 1997. Le Nord/Pas-de- Calais n’échappe pas au mouvement national : la terre de Jules Guesde, de Roger Salengro, de Guy Mollet et de Pierre Mauroy avait basculé à droite en 1993, puisque celle-ci avait conquis 24 sièges sur 38 ; elle accorde cette fois ses faveurs à la gauche, qui dispose désormais de 31 députés, contre 7 à la droite. Dans le Nord/Pas-de-Calais plus qu’ailleurs, les élections législatives de 1997 sonnent bien comme la revanche de la Gauche. L’ouvrage contient huit contributions, qui permettent de suivre le déroulement de la campagne électorale et d’éclairer les résultats. Figurent également, en annexe, les scores de tous les candidats, dans les trente-huit circonscriptions de la région Nord-Pas-de-Calais.

Political Science --- politique --- histoire --- gauche --- revanche --- vie politique